Economics, Science, Technology, and Society

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A farmer switches from wheat to corn based on his belief that corn demand will grow. This occurs in a _________ economy.

Not quite. The free enterprise economic system (market economy, capitalism) is characterized by voluntary participation by producers and consumers.

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A community decides how food and goods will be made, bought, sold, and distributed. This is a ________ economy.

Not quite. A socialist economic system exercises collective social control over production.

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A __________ government runs a socialist economy where food and goods are distributed according to individuals' needs.

Not quite. A communist government plans and controls the production and distribution of goods and also aims to form a classless society.

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GDP is an important economic measure as it represents the total value of all goods and services. It stands for:

Not quite. GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product.

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Higher level economic activities (e.g., providing services) comprise a larger percent of GDP for ___________ economies.

Not quite. As an economy develops, higher level economic activities normally comprise a larger and larger percentage of GDP.

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Monte Siao Granitos extracts granite from quarries in Brazil. This company is engaged in __________ economic activities.

Not quite. The gathering or extraction of food or raw materials, such as granite, are primary economic activities.

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Order these nations' economic development levels if agriculture as % of GDP is Canada-2%, India-16.1%, and Turkey-8.8%?

Not quite. Agriculture is a primary economic activity. Generally, nations with high agriculture % of GDP, like India, are at lower economic development levels.

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A family raises crops and animals to meet its basic needs with little left to trade. This is ___________ agriculture.

Not quite. Subsistence agriculture describes situations where most of the food that is produced is consumed by those raising it.

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One Earth Farms seeded 87,605 acres of Canadian cropland in 2012. This is ___________ agriculture.

Not quite. Commercial agriculture describes situations where most or all of the food that is produced is sold to others, such as brokers or grocery store chains.

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~10,000 employees work at BMW's automobile plant in Munich, Germany, an example of cottage industry.

Not quite. The BMW plant is an example of commercial industry, where workers come to a central location and use the company's resources and equipment to produce goods (in this case, cars). Cottage industry largely disappears as an economy industrializes.

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In humid subtropical NE Argentina, farmers plant rice. What change might result in rice farms to the semiarid west?

Not quite. Agricultural location patterns are affected by a variety of factors, like climate, soil, infrastructure, population centers, and technology. Both drought-resistant rice seed and additional irrigation infrastructure could result in rice fields in the more arid area to the west.

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Efficient shipping and free trade have caused labor-intensive manufacturing steps to shift to high-wage nations.

Not quite. Efficient shipping and free trade have resulted in labor-intensive manufacturing steps to be shifted to LOW-wage nations.

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When the overland trade routes from Asia to Europe were blocked in 1450, which country developed a sea route around the tip of Africa?

Not quite. Portugal developed a sea trade route to India around the southern tip of Africa, replacing the Silk Road's blocked leg to Europe.

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_______ is when a company buys a good or service from a supplier instead of performing manufacturing or assembly itself.

Not quite. Outsourcing is when a company buys a good or service from an outside supplier. Many large corporations outsource manufacturing and assembly steps to multiple suppliers around the world to minimize costs.

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Smaller nations have fewer people, poorer resources, and a smaller GDP than larger nations.

Not quite. The size of a nation isn't always indicative of its wealth, resources, and population. For example, Kuwait is the 158th nation by size, but the 18th nation by GDP per capita due to its vast oil resources.

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In the 1700s, energy technologies began to change how humans moved around. Which of these was the earliest innovation?

Not quite. From the 1700s to early 1900s, the coal-fired steam engine changed the landscape by powering factories, ships, and trains.

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The use of _______ fuels from crude oil (stored a lot of energy/could be carried in containers) began in the late 1800s.

Not quite. Liquid fuels (e.g., diesel, gasoline) displaced coal in many applications. Automobiles and other inventions based on liquid fuels changed how humans moved and worked.

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Which innovation enabled humans to adapt to and live in more places?

Not quite. Air conditioning drew humans to hotter climates. Desalination plants enabled humans to live far from accessible freshwater sources (but near plentiful energy resources). Automobiles caused many humans to move farther from their activities.

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Which of the following is an economic, social, or environmental consequence of commercial agriculture?

Not quite. Commercial agriculture requires large capital investments in land and equipment. It has lowered food costs; replaced numerous small farms with fewer, but larger, farms; and increased productivity (more food per unit area).

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This communication/information technology has increased human connectivity and geographic understanding.

Not quite. Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and the internet have resulted in new capabilities for mapping, communicating, etc.

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An advantage of nuclear power is that a large amount of electricity can be produced with very low emissions.

Not quite. Nuclear power technology does produce a large amount of electricity with much lower emissions than fossil fuel technologies (e.g., coal- or natural gas-fired electric plants). Safe handling and disposal of radioactive waste are key environmental challenges.

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Electricity can be distributed far from the plant where it was made (from falling water, wind, coal, gas, nuclear fuel).

Not quite. Electricity can be distributed through wires far from the plant where it was made from falling water, wind, coal, gas, nuclear fuel, etc. Its invention and adoption expanded human locations and activities.

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Which of the following innovations has added pollutants to the atmosphere?

Not quite. Coal-fired steam engines, coal-fired electric plants, and gasoline-powered vehicles have all added pollutants, such as gases and particulates, to the atmosphere.

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Gold is found in an undeveloped part of Bolivia. What will likely flow into this area of Bolivia?

Not quite. Because gold is a valuable resource, its presence will likely result in capital investments to build mining sites, transportation infrastructure, and employee housing. People will also move to the area for mining and support services jobs.

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A(n) _____ software program allows a number to be assigned to each Texas county, and then generates a color-coded map.

Not quite. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) connect data to locations. They are tools that increase geographic understanding. Any kind of data can be examined: temperatures, populations, salaries, SAT scores, cancer rates, etc.

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